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With an all out length of around 6,650 km (4,130 mi)[a] between the locale of Lake Victoria and the Mediterranean Ocean, the Nile is among the longest waterways on The planet. About 10% of Africa is covered by the Nile’s drainage basin, which covers 3,254,555 square kilometers (1,256,591 square miles).

However, in comparison to other major rivers, the Nile carries relatively little water (5 percent of that of the Congo River, for instance). The complexity of the Nile basin means that the discharge at any point along the main stem depends on a lot of things, like the weather, diversions, evaporation and evapotranspiration, groundwater flow, and evaporation.

The river is referred to as the White Nile upstream from Khartoum (to the south), a term that is also used in a limited sense to describe the region between Lake No and Khartoum. The Blue Nile joins the river at Khartoum. The Blue Nile begins in Ethiopia, while the White Nile begins in equatorial East Africa. The East African Rift’s western flanks are home to both of these branches.